Hepatitis

Hepatitis

Hepatitis is a disease caused by some type of virus that attacks and causes inflammation and damage to liver cells of humans. Hepatitis diketegorikan in several categories, including hepetitis A, B, C, D, E, F and G. In Indonesia hepatitis patients generally tend to be more experienced group of hepatitis B and hepatitis C. but here we will discuss in a focus article hepatitis A, B and C.

Hepatitis A

Hepatitis Hepatitis A is a group of illnesses are mild and rarely causes death, Virus hepatitis A (VHA = Hepatitis A virus) spread through the droppings / faeces of patients is transmitted through contaminated food and drinks, not through sexual activity or through blood. For example, fish or shellfish that comes from the area of ​​water polluted by human waste of patients.

Hepatitis A has an incubation period of 2 to 6 weeks after infection occurs, then later the patient showed some signs and symptoms of disease Hepatitis A.

1. Symptoms of Hepatitis A
In the first week, individuals who are afflicted will experience pain, such as yellow, fatigue, fever, loss of appetite, vomiting, dizziness and black-colored urine. A fever is a fever that occurs continuously, unlike other fever is on dengue fever, tuberculosis, thypus, etc..

2. Handling and Treatment of Hepatitis A
Patients who show symptoms of hepatitis A as the first week of the emergence of the so-called jaundice, fatigue and so on, are expected to remain active and immediately visit the nearest health care facility for treatment of symptoms such as paracetamol, as the lowering of fever and dizziness, vitamins to increase endurance and appetite as well as drugs that reduce nausea and vomiting.

While steps can be taken as a preventive effort is to wash hands thoroughly, and immunization is recommended for someone who is being around people.

Hepatitis B Disease

Hepatitis B is one of the infectious diseases that are categorized as dangerous in the world, disease is caused by Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) that attacks the liver and cause acute or chronic liver inflammation. As things Hepatitis C, both the disease can become chronic and eventually become cancerous liver. The process of transmission of Hepatitis B is through exchange of body fluids or in contact with blood from people infected with Hepatitis B.

As for some things into a pattern of transmission include transmission from mother to baby during childbirth, sexual intercourse, blood transfusions, syringe, or use of personal hygiene (toothbrushes, towels) together. Hepatitis B can affect anyone, but usually for those aged more productive would be at risk for this disease.

1. Symptoms of Hepatitis B
In particular the signs and symptoms of acute hepatitis B infected are fever, abdominal pain and yellow (especially on the eye area is white / sclera). But for people with chronic hepatitis B will likely not look the signs, so that transmission to others becomes more risky.

2. Handling and Treatment of Hepatitis B
Patients suspected of Hepatitis B, for which established the certainty of diagnosis will be blood examination. Once the diagnosis is established as Hepatitis B, then there is a treatment for hepatitis B, which swallow medication (oral) and by injection.
a. Oral medication is the famous;
- Giving medicine from the nucleoside analog Lamivudine, known as 3TC. The drug is used for adults and children alike, these drugs tend to increase the use of liver enzyme (ALT) for that patient will receive ongoing monitoring of a doctor.
- Provision of drug adefovir dipivoxil (Hepsera). Oral administration would be more effective, but administration with high doses will adversely affect kidney function.
- Provision of drug Baraclude (entecavir). The drug is administered in patients with chronic hepatitis B, the side effects of this drug are headache, dizziness, fatigue, nausea and increased liver enzyme. Keoptimalan level and stability of this drug has not been said to be stable.

b. Treatment with injection / injection is;
Microsphere injection containing ß-ray emitting radioactive particles that would destroy liver cancer cells without damaging healthy tissue around it. Interferon Alfa Injection (by branch name INTRON A, INFERGEN, ROFERON) subcutan given the scale of 3 times a week for 12-16 weeks or more. Side effects of this medication is depression, particularly in patients who have a history of previous depression. Another effect is a pain in the muscles, causing rapid fatigue and a little fever that this can be eliminated by giving paracetamol.

Preventive measures to avoid the disease is Hepatitis B vaccine, especially in people who are at high risk of this virus, like those who behave bad sex (change sexual partners / homosexual), health workers (nurses and doctors) and their who are vulnerable areas many cases Hepatitis B.

Hepatitis C is a liver disease caused by hepatitis C virus (HCV). The process of transmission through blood contact {transfusions, needles (contaminated), insects that bite people and bite everyone around them}. Hepatitis C sufferers sometimes do not show obvious symptoms, but in patients with chronic hepatitis C cause damage / death of liver cells and detected as cancer (cancer) heart. Some 85% of cases, hepatitis C infection becomes chronic and slowly damages the liver for years.

1. Symptoms of Hepatitis C
Patients with hepatitis C often times people who suffer from Hepatitis C have no symptoms, although infection has occurred for many years. But some vague symptoms such as: Tired, Loss of appetite, abdominal pain, urine becomes dark and the skin or eyes turn yellow, called "jaundice" (rare). In some cases it can be found increased liver enzymes in urine examination, however, in patients with hepatitis C would sometimes even normal fluctuations in liver enzymes.

2. Handling and Treatment of Hepatitis C
Currently, treatment of Hepatitis C performed with administration of drugs such as Interferon alfa, Pegylated interferon alfa and ribavirin. The goal of treatment of hepatitis C is to eliminate the virus from your body as early as possible to prevent the development of a deteriorating and end-stage liver disease. Treatment of hepatitis C sufferers need a long time even on this particular patient can not be helped, it is necessary to handle the initial stage.