Abdominal pain. That complaint is often perceived Prasad, 45, for three years before being convicted of colorectal cancer (colon).
Initially, he was declared a doctor suffering from inflammation of the intestine, leaving only given anti-inflammatory drugs, painkillers, and antibiotics. However, drugs were never able to completely eliminate the grievances. As a result, the recurrent abdominal pain, and always repeated. Until one day, he felt a great pain in his stomach.
Prasad went back to the doctor. This time, doctors say, there are adhesions in colon surgery and should be done. Part of his colon was cut. Done a problem? Apparently not. Prasad that heavy smokers are still often feel pain in the abdomen. Her body was growing thin, and often experience diarrhea. The cause of abdominal pain was finally recognized by examination in a major hospital in Bandung. Cancer has been confirmed nesting in the large intestine Prasad, and has reached stage IV. Four months after hearing this verdict, Prasad passed away for ever.
Colon cancer is one type of cancer that is often encountered, particularly in men and women aged 50 years or more. In men, colorectal cancer ranks as the third most common cancer found after prostate and lung. While in women, this cancer also ranks third after breast cancer and lung. "From various reports, in Indonesia there are increasing number of cases (colon cancer), although no definitive data. Data at the Ministry of Health found rates 1.8 per 100 thousand inhabitants, "said the doctor Adil S Pasaribu, Spb KBD, the surgeon from Dharmais Cancer Hospital, Jakarta.
Colon cancer is a malignant growth of cancer cells in the surface of the colon or rectum. Most colon cancer starts from malignant cell growth or adenoma, which in the early stages of forming polyps (cells that grow very fast).
In the early stages, adenomas can be removed easily. It's just that at this early stage, often adenoma did not show any symptoms, so it is not detected in a relatively long time. In fact, adenoma who initially did not cause any complaints, at one time could develop into a cancer that undermines all parts of the colon.
The initial symptoms are not typical of this makes a lot of colon cancer patients come to the hospital when the disease is so advanced. Treatment becomes difficult. In fact, as stated by the Chairman of Indonesian Association of Internal Medicine Specialists, doctors Aru Sudoyo SpPD KHOM, the key to success of colon cancer management was the discovery of cancer in early stages, so that therapy can be carried out curative surgery. Unfortunately, things like this are very rare. What often happens is that cases such as experienced by Prasad, the cancer is found at an advanced stage, so that sufferers hope of survival become very small.
If colon cancer is found in stage I, the chance of patients to live up to five years to reach 85-95 percent. Meanwhile, when found in stage II, the opportunity to reach 60-80 percent, at about 30-60 per cent stage III, and stage IV about 25 percent. "This means, if there are 100 patients with stage IV colon cancer, then that still live up to five years, only five people," said Aru.
Early detection
To avoid the worst possibilities, such as experienced by Prasad, early detection is very important. "Early detection or screening for this cancer, can save lives," said Adil.
With early detection of precancerous polyps are found, namely an abnormal growth of the colon or rectum that can be discarded before it turned into cancer. "If all persons aged 50 years or older be screened regularly, so as much as 60 percent of deaths from colorectal cancer could be avoided," he said.
Early detection is the investigation of individual asymptomatic (without symptoms), which aims to detect disease at an early stage so that curative therapy can be done. In general, explained Adil, early detection can be performed in two groups, namely the general population and high risk groups. Early detection in the general population group made to individuals over the age of 40 years. While they are classified as high-risk groups include those who have undergone polipektomi for adenomas in the colon, and the people who come from families with a history of this disease.
Associated with family history, you do not have to worry too much if it came from families who have a history of colon cancer. According to Adil, genetic factors can indeed be a cause of this disease, but these factors can be narrowed. The trick, change your diet and do early detection.
Causes and symptoms
So far, the cause of colon cancer is not clearly known. However, there are some things that allegedly has the potential to bring this malignant disease, namely: how the wrong diet (too many foods high in fat and protein, and low in fiber), obesity (overweight), had colon cancer, comes from a family who have a history of colon cancer, have had polyps in the colon, age (risk increases at age above 50 years), less physical activity, are often exposed to food preservatives and dyes that are not for food, and smoking.
In Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Management Guide book mentioned that although initial studies showed no relationship of smoking with the incidence of colon cancer, but new research shows, long-term smokers (30-40 years) have a risk ranging from 1.5 to 3 times. An estimated one in five cases of colon cancer in the United States can be attributed to smokers. The study cohort and case-control design with a good showing, smoking-related increase in risk of adenoma formation and also increase the risk of changing into cancerous colon adenoma. "Therefore, to prevent the incidence of colon cancer incidence is recommended not to smoke," said Aru. About colon cancer symptoms, Aru mention a few things that patients often complained of, namely:
Bleeding in the large intestine characterized by the discovery of blood in the stool during defecation.
Changes in bowel function (diarrhea or constipation) for no apparent reason, more than six weeks.
Losing weight for no apparent reason
Pain in the abdomen or the back.
Stomach still felt full even after large. Taste urinate constantly tired
Sometimes ordering online Prescription drugs without a Prescription cancer can be a barrier in the colon that looked at some of the symptoms such as constipation, pain, and feeling of bloating in the stomach.
To deal with colon cancer, according to Aru, surgical therapy is the most effective, especially if done on a disease that is still localized. However, when it occurs metastasis (spread), the handling becomes more difficult. However, with the development of chemotherapy and radiotherapy at the moment, allows people with advanced stages or in case of relapse for adjuvant therapy. Adjuvant therapy is chemotherapy given after surgery in patients with stage III cancer in order to kill remaining cancer cells.
Currently, adjuvant therapy can be done without a needle (IV), but with oral / tablets (Capacitabine). Availability capacitabine tablet allows patients to undergo chemotherapy at home, of course, its effectiveness is better. "Capacitabine also an oral chemotherapy that is safe and work up to cancer cells," said Aru, who also serves as an adjuvant therapy, the commission chairman, Working Group on Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Indonesia.
Kick Preventing Colon Cancer
Preventing far better than cure. It also applies to colon cancer. So as not to touchable this deadly disease, do prevention efforts. Learn prevention tips from doctors Adil S Pasaribu Spb KBD following:
Avoid foods high in fat, protein, calories, and red meat. Do not forget the consumption of calcium and acids undergo folate. After polipektomi adenoma recommended calcium supplementation.
It is recommended supplementation of vitamin E, and D.
Eating fruits and vegetables every day.
Maintain a Body Mass Index between 18.5 to 25.0 kg/m2 throughout life.
Make physical activity, such as brisk walking at least 30 minutes a day.
Avoid the habit of doing colonoscopy and polipektomi smoking. Immediatelyin patients found in the polyps.
Make early detection blood tests with vague since the age of 40 years.
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