CIGARETTE AND CHEMICAL HAZARDS IN THE BODY

CIGARETTE AND CHEMICAL HAZARDS IN THE BODY
Smoking is very dangerous and harmful to health. Cigarette smoke is responsible for more than 85% of lung cancers and is associated with cancers of the mouth, pharynx, larynx, aesofagus, stomach, pancreas, mouth, urinary tract, kidney, ureter, bladder and bowel. Cigarette smoke is associated with leukemia. Part of the aspects of the carcinogenic than cigarette smoke, linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease (including stroke), sudden death, cardiac arrest, peripheral vascular disease and aortic aneurysm

Toxic substances ON CIGARETTES
Cigarettes contain more than 4000 over the elements, and at least 200 of them are hazardous to health. The main toxins in cigarettes are tar, nicotine, and carbon monoxide. In addition, in a cigarette also contains other chemicals that are not less toxic.

Toxic substances contained in cigarettes, among others, are as follows:
Carbon monoxide (CO).
CO gas is a gas that has no odor. This element is produced by incomplete combustion of carbon or carbon elements. CO gas produced by a cigarette can reach 3-6%, this gas can be inhaled by anyone. By people who smoke or those closest to the smoker, or people who are in one room. A person who smokes will only suck the third part, namely the current middle or mid-stream, while the flow edge (side - stream) will remain outside. After that smokers will not swallow all the smoke but he sprayed more outgoing.
CO gas has the ability to bind hemoglobin (Hb) contained in red blood cells (erythrocytes) more strongly than oxygen, so that every cigarette smoke as well as air oxygen levels are already reduced, plus more red blood cells will be increasingly deprived of oxygen, because of the transported is the CO and not O2 (oxygen). Cells of the body that suffer from lack of oxygen will try to improve is through compensation by way of shrinking the blood vessels or spasms. If the spasm lasts long and continuously the blood vessels would be easily damaged by the process of atherosclerosis (narrowing). Narrowing of blood vessels going to happen everywhere. In the brain, in the heart, the lungs, the kidneys, on foot, in line hybrid, in the placenta in pregnant women.
Nicotine
Nicotine contained in cigarette smoke between 0.5 - 3 ng, and everything is absorbed, so that in the blood fluid or plasma between 40-50 ng / ml.
Nicotine is not carcinogenic components. The result of thermal decomposition of nicotine as dibensakridin, dibensokarbasol, and who nitrosamines are carcinogenic. In the lungs, nicotine can inhibit the activity of cilia. Just as heroin and cocaine, nicotine also has the characteristics of addictive and psychoactive effects. Smokers will feel the pleasure, decreased anxiety, tolerance and physical attachment. That's what causes why so difficult to quit smoking.
Effects of nicotine causes the stimulation of hormones kathekolamin (adrenaline) which are spur heart and blood pressure. The heart was not given the opportunity of rest and blood pressure will further escalate, resulting incidence of hypertension.
Another effect berkelompoknya stimulate platelets (clotting cells of blood), platelets will clot and eventually will clog the blood vessels which are narrow due to smoke containing CO derived from cigarettes.
Tar
Tar is a kind of viscous liquid dark brown or black which is a hydrocarbon substance which is sticky and sticks to the lungs. Tar levels in cigarettes between 0.5 to 35 mg per stem. Tar is a carcinogen that can cause cancers of the airway and lungs.
Cadmium
Cadmium is a substance that can poison the body tissues, especially kidneys.
Akrolein
Akrolein is a colorless liquid substances such as aldehydes. This substance contains less alcohol content. That is, akrolein this is a liquid alcohol has been taken. This liquid is very disturbing health.
Ammonia
Ammonia is a colorless gas composed of nitrogen and hydrogen. This substance is a sharp smell and very stimulating. So loudly that there is poison in the ammonia so that if any entry into the blood circulation will result in someone fainting or coma.
Acid Format
Formic acid is a kind of colorless liquid that moves freely and can create blisters. This liquid is very sharp and penetrating odor. This substance can cause a person to feel like an ant bite.
Hydrogen Cyanide / HCN
Hydrogen cyanide is a gas that is colorless, odorless and has no taste. This substance is the lightest substance, flammable and highly efficient to inhibit breathing and damage the respiratory tract. Cyanide is a toxic substance that is very dangerous. Just a little cyanide is inserted directly into the body can lead to death.
Nitrous Oxid
Nitrous oxide is a gas that is colorless, and when inhaled can cause loss of consideration and cause pain. Nitrous oxide is a kind of substance that was originally used as a tranquilizer time to perform surgery by the doctor.
Formaldehyde
Formaldehyde is a kind of colorless gas with a sharp odor. This gas is classified as a preservative and pest exterminator. This gas is also highly toxic to all organisms living hard.
Phenol
Phenol is a mixture of crystals produced from the distillation of some organic substances such as wood and charcoal, and tar obtained from charcoal. This substance is toxic and dangerous because phenol is bound to proteins and inhibit enzyme activity.
Asetol
Asetol warming is the result of aldehydes (a type of colored substances that are not free to move) and is volatile with alcohol.
Hydrogen sulfide
Hydrogen sulfide is a kind of poisonous gas that burns easily with the harsh smell. This substance prevents oxidation enzyme (iron-containing pigment).
Pyridine
Pyridine is a kind of colorless liquid with a sharp odor. This substance can be used to change the nature of alcohol as a solvent and pest killers.
Methyl Chloride
Methyl chloride is a mixture of substances valency one between hydrogen and carbon are the main elements. This substance is toxic organic compounds.
Methanol
Methanol is a type of lighter fluid volatile and flammable. Drinking or sucking methanol cause blindness and even death.