Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF)

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF)

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a disease caused by dengue virus is transmitted through mosquito bites of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, which causes disturbances in capillary blood vessels and the blood clotting system, resulting in bleeding-bleeding.

The disease is commonly found tropical areas like Southeast Asia, India, Brazil, the United States including in the all corners of Indonesia, except in places a height of more than 1000 meters above sea level. Physicians and other health personnel such as midwives and ;-) Mantrihas diagnosis is often wrong in the rule, because the tendency of early symptoms that resemble other illnesses such as flu and Tipes (Typhoid).

Signs and Symptoms of Dengue Fever Disease

The period of bud / incubation for 3-15 days after a person stricken with dengue virus, then the patient will reveal a variety of signs and symptoms of dengue fever as follows:

1. A sudden high fever 2-7 days (38-40 degrees Celsius).
2. On examination torniquet test, looked the larva (puspura) bleeding.
3. The presence of bleeding dikelopak inner eye (conjunctiva), nosebleed (Epitaksis), Dispose of water with feces (Peaces) in the form of mucus mixed with blood (melena), and others.
4. Happened liver enlargement (hepatomegaly).
5. Decreased blood pressure, causing shock.
6. In laboratory tests (blood) day to 3-7 a decline in platelets below 100,000 / mm3 (thrombocytopenia), an increase in hematocrit values ​​above 20% of normal value (hemokonsentrasi).
7. The emergence of several clinical symptoms that accompany such as nausea, vomiting, decreased appetite (anorexia), stomachache, diarrhea, chills, seizures and headaches.
8. Was bleeding at the nose (nosebleeds) and gums.
9. Fever sufferers perceived cause complaints soreness / pain in the joints.
10.Munculnya red spots on the skin due to rupture of blood vessels.

The process of Dengue Disease Transmission

The spread of dengue disease transmitted through mosquito bites of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, so that the region already known of the dengue attack will probably have other people will be able to cause outbreaks even remarkable for the surrounding population.

Treatment of Dengue Fever Disease

The focus of treatment in patients with DHF is to overcome the bleeding, prevent or treat shock / presyok, namely to try to get people with a lot to drink about 1.5 to 2 liters of water in 24 hours (water tea and sugar syrup or milk).

The addition of body fluids through an IV (intravenous) may be needed to prevent dehydration and excessive hemokonsentrasi. Platelet transfusions performed if the platelet count dropped dramatically. Next is the provision of drugs to complaints that arise, for example:
- Paracetamol helps reduce fever
- Electrolyte Salts (ORS) if accompanied by diarrhea
- Antibiotics are useful to prevent secondary infection

Apply cold compress, do not need the ice because it could have an impact shock. Even some of the medical team can recommend a compress made with alcohol. Alternative medicine is commonly known by drinking guava juice bangkok, but efficacy has not been proved in a medical, but in reality guava intravenous fluids to restore and increase the value of blood platelets.

Prevention of Dengue Fever Disease

Prevention is by avoiding mosquito bites at a time when the morning until the afternoon, because the aedes mosquito is active during the day (not night). For example, avoid being in a location that many mosquitoes in the daytime, especially in areas that have his DHF patients. Some of the most effective way in preventing disease through a method of controlling dengue or vector control are:

1. Mosquito eradication nest (PSN), solid waste management, modification places. mosquito breeding byproduct of human activity, and improving home design.
2. Maintenance of larvae-eating fish (fighting fish / fish Betta splendens) in place of water ponds, and bacteria (Bt.H-14).
3. Fumigation / fogging (using Malathion and fenthion).
4. Giving abate powder (temephos) in places such as water reservoirs, water barrels, flower vases, ponds, and others.